EXTRA vocabulary

 

English word	Transcription	Definition (Cambridge Dictionary)	Example sentence	Russian translation
outgoing	/ˈaʊtˌɡoʊ.ɪŋ/	Friendly and energetic, and finding it easy and enjoyable to be with others.	She’s very outgoing and loves meeting new people.	общительный
easygoing	/ˌiː.ziˈɡoʊ.ɪŋ/	Relaxed and not easily upset or worried.	He has such an easygoing attitude that nothing seems to bother him.	спокойный, добродушный, легкий в общении
gregarious	/ɡrɪˈɡeə.ri.əs/	(of people) liking to be with other people.	He’s a gregarious person who enjoys being the center of attention.	компанейский
be on the fence	/biː ɒn ðə fens/	To be uncertain or unable to decide about something.	I’m still on the fence about moving to another city.	сомневаться, быть в нерешительности
weird	/wɪəd/	Very strange and unusual, unexpected, or not natural.	It’s really weird that he didn’t call you back.	странный
strange	/streɪndʒ/	Unusual and unexpected, or difficult to understand.	It was strange to see her after all these years.	необычный, удивляющий
fun	/fʌn/	Enjoyment, amusement, or light-hearted pleasure.	The party was so much fun that nobody wanted to leave.	удовольствие
funny	/ˈfʌn.i/	Making you smile or laugh.	That movie was really funny, I laughed all the way through.	забавный, смешной
knick-knacks	/ˈnɪk.næks/	Small decorative objects, especially in a house.	Her shelves were covered with cute knick-knacks from her travels.	безделушки, мелкие украшения
have a nap	/hæv ə næp/	To sleep for a short period, especially during the day.	I usually have a nap after lunch to recharge my energy.	вздремнуть
be occupied	/biː ˈɒk.jʊ.paɪd/	To be busy or engaged with something.	She was occupied with her work and didn’t hear the phone ring.	быть занятым
toiletries	/ˈtɔɪ.lɪ.triz/	Articles used in washing and taking care of your body, such as soap, shampoo, and toothpaste.	Don’t forget to pack your toiletries for the trip.	туалетные принадлежности
be all set	/aɪ əm ɔːl set/	Ready or prepared for something.	“Are you ready to go?” — “Yes, I’m all set.”	быть готовым
be good to go	/biː ɡʊd tə ɡoʊ/	To be ready to start doing something.	Once you sign the form, you’ll be good to go.	быть готовым начать

on somebody’s own	/ɒn ˈsʌmbədiz əʊn/	If you do something on your own, you do it without help from anyone else, or alone.	She moved to a new city on her own and quickly made new friends.	самостоятельно, сам,-a
stationery	/ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər.i/	The things needed for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils, and envelopes.	I bought some beautiful stationery for my new office.	канцелярские товары, канцелярия

see	/siː/	To notice something with your eyes, without trying to do it; the ability to perceive visually.	I can see the mountains from my window.	Видеть — это пассивное восприятие глазами, неосознанное действие. Мы просто что-то замечаем.
look (at)	/lʊk/	To direct your eyes towards something intentionally.	Look at this picture — it’s beautiful!	Смотреть (на) — это активное действие, когда мы намеренно направляем взгляд на что-то.
watch	/wɒtʃ/	To look at something carefully, especially something that moves or changes over time.	We usually watch TV in the evening.	Наблюдать / смотреть (в движении) — это активное наблюдение за чем-то, что меняется или двигается.

back-to-back	/ˌbæk.təˈbæk/	Happening one after another, without any break between them.	We had three back-to-back meetings this morning.	впритык, один за другим
in a row	/ɪn ə rəʊ/	One after another without interruption.	She won the competition three times in a row.	подряд (дословно: в одном ряду)
rollercoaster	/ˈrəʊ.ləˌkəʊ.stər/	A situation or experience that involves sudden and extreme changes.	Life can be an emotional rollercoaster sometimes.	американские горки; эмоциональные качели
swing	/swɪŋ/	To move backward and forward or from side to side while hanging from something.	The child was happily swinging in the park.	качаться; качели
be upset	/bi ʌpˈset/	To be unhappy, disappointed, or worried.	She was really upset after hearing the bad news.	быть расстроенным
get upset	/ɡet ʌpˈset/	To become unhappy, angry, or worried.	Don’t get upset — everything will be fine!	расстраиваться

Позиция в предложении	Пример	Значение
Перед прилагательным или наречием	very beautiful, very fast	очень
Перед существительным с артиклем	the very end, the very first	самый, тот самый
Перед местоимением (you, him)	very you, very him	в твоем стиле, типично для него

bother	/ˈbɒð.ər/	To annoy or worry someone slightly, often by interrupting them or causing inconvenience.	Sorry to bother you, but could I ask you a question?	беспокоить, раздражать — лёгкое, повседневное неудобство; эмоциональное раздражение или незначкое вмешательство
disturb	/dɪˈstɜːb/	To interrupt what someone is doing, stop someone from sleeping, or make them feel anxious or upset.	Please don’t disturb me while I’m working.	тревожить, нарушать покой — более серьёзное вмешательство, физическое или ментальное; формальнее и сильнее по тону

suggest	/səˈdʒest/	To mention an idea, possible plan, or action for others to consider	I suggest going out for dinner.	Предлагать (мягкая идея, совет, дружеское предложение)
propose	/prəˈpəʊz/	To offer or put forward an idea, plan, or action officially or formally	He proposed a new business plan.	Предлагать (официально, формально, на уровне решения или проекта)

pull myself together	/pʊl maɪˈself təˈɡeð.ər/	To become calm and behave normally again after being upset, angry, or confused.	After hearing the bad news, I needed a few minutes to pull myself together before talking to anyone.	Взять себя в руки, прийти в себя.
get your act together	/ɡet jɔːr ækt təˈɡeð.ər/	To start organizing yourself so that you do things in an effective way.	If you want to pass the exam, you’d better get your act together and start studying seriously.	Соберись, приведи дела в порядок, начни действовать.

ближайшие родственники	The closest family members a person usually lives with or has the strongest personal connection to, such as parents, children, brothers, and sisters	I spend most holidays with my immediate family.	immediate family	/ɪˈmiːdiət ˈfæməli/
расширенная семья	A wider family group that includes relatives beyond the immediate family, such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and other relatives	We invited our extended family to the wedding.	extended family	/ɪkˈstendɪd ˈfæməli/

 

кричать	To speak very loudly, usually so that someone can hear you from a distance; a neutral word without necessary aggression	She shouted my name across the street.	shout	/ʃaʊt/
кричать (сердито)	To shout with anger, irritation, or strong emotions; very often used with at when directed at someone	He yelled at the driver.	yell at	/jel/
кричать от страха / боли	To make a very loud, sharp cry because of fear, pain, or panic	She screamed when she saw the snake.	scream	/skriːm/
крикнуть, чтобы позвать	To shout to someone in order to get their attention; not aggressive	She called out to her friend.	call out	/kɔːl aʊt/
выкрикнуть от боли	To shout suddenly because of physical pain or surprise	He cried out in pain.	cry out	/kraɪ aʊt/
кричать / выкрикивать (в некоторых случаях)	Usually means “to cry” (to shed tears), but can also mean “to shout” when used with direct speech or in expressions like cry for help	“Help!” she cried. / They cried for help.	cry	/kraɪ/

touch base (on)	/tʌtʃ beɪs (ɒn)/	to talk briefly about a subject or contact someone to get basic information	Let’s touch base on this issue after the meeting.	связаться, вкратце обсудить
bummer	/ˈbʌmər/	something that is disappointing or annoying	Missing the flight was a real bummer.	облом, досада,
never dull	/ˈnevər dʌl/	used to say that something is always interesting or exciting	Life with kids is never dull.	никогда не скучно, всегда интересно

ordinary people	/ˈɔːrdɪneri ˈpiːpəl/	People who are not famous or special and live normal, everyday lives.	Ordinary people often have extraordinary stories that we never hear about.	обычные люди
Anytime!	/ˈeniˌtaɪm/	whenever it is needed or possible.	You can call me anytime if you need help.	Всегда пожалуйста / Обращайся
you should definitely try	/juː ʃʊd ˈdefɪnətli traɪ/	A strong recommendation to do something because it is a good idea.	You should definitely try this method — it really works.	тебе/вам определённо стоит попробовать
be good at	/biː ɡʊd æt/	To have skill or ability in a particular activity.	She is very good at explaining difficult ideas simply.	хорошо разбираться в чём-то / быть способным к чему-то
recognize	/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/	To know or identify someone or something because you have seen or experienced it before; also to officially accept or acknowledge something.	I recognized her voice immediately. The government recognized the problem and took action.	1) узнавать, 2)распознавать

 

overcast	/ˈoʊvərkæst/	Describes weather when the sky is completely covered with clouds.	It’s overcast today, so it might rain later.	пасмурный
have an eye for	/hæv ən ˈaɪ fɔːr/	To be good at noticing or judging something, especially quality or detail.	She has an eye for detail, which makes her a great editor.	иметь чутьё / хорошо разбираться в чём-то
eye up	/aɪ ʌp/	To look at someone or something with interest, often because you want it or are evaluating it.	He was eyeing up the empty seat next to her.	приглядываться, оценивать
a stone’s throw away	/ə stoʊnz θroʊ əˈweɪ/	Very close; a short distance away.	The café is a stone’s throw away from my house.	в двух шагах, совсем рядом
scaffolding	/ˈskæfoʊldɪŋ/	A temporary structure used by workers when building or repairing buildings.	The building is covered in scaffolding for renovation.	строительные леса

floor the accelerator	/flɔːr ði əkˈseləreɪtə(r)/	to press the accelerator pedal down as far as possible	He floored the accelerator when the light turned green.	вдавить педаль газа до упора
chatterbox	/ˈtʃætəbɒks/	a person who talks a lot	My little niece is such a chatterbox.	болтун, болтушка
leave for	/liːv fɔːr/	to go away to a place	We leave for Paris early tomorrow morning.	уезжать в, отправляться в
embroidery	/ɪmˈbrɔɪdəri/	decorative stitching sewn onto fabric	The dress was decorated with beautiful embroidery.	вышивка
carry	/ˈkæri/	to hold something and take it somewhere	She helped me carry the bags.	нести
hold on	/həʊld ɒn/	to wait for a short time	Hold on, I’ll be ready in a minute.	подожди
hang on	/hæŋ ɒn/	to wait or stop for a moment; also to hold tightly	Hang on, I don’t understand this part.	подожди; держись
preserves	/prɪˈzɜːvz/	fruit cooked with sugar and kept in jars	She made strawberry preserves for the winter.	варенье; фруктовая консервация
pickles	/ˈpɪkəlz/	vegetables preserved in vinegar or salt water	We always make cucumber pickles in August.	маринованные овощи (чаще огурцы)
home-canned food	/ˌhəʊm ˈkænd fuːd/	food preserved at home in sealed containers	We prepared a lot of home-canned food for the winter.	домашние закрутки
canned vegetables	/kænd ˈvedʒtəblz/	vegetables preserved in sealed containers	She opened a jar of canned vegetables.	консервированные овощи

overtake	/ˌəʊvəˈteɪk/	to go past another vehicle moving in the same direction	It is dangerous to overtake on a narrow road.	обгонять
pass a car	/pɑːs ə kɑː/	to go ahead of another vehicle (informal, especially AmE)	I had to speed up to pass a car in front of me.	обогнать машину
head to	/hed tuː/	to move towards a place	After work, she headed to the gym.	направляться куда-то
eat humble pie	/iːt ˈhʌmbəl paɪ/	to admit that you were wrong and feel embarrassed	He had to eat humble pie after blaming his colleague unfairly.	признать свою неправоту, «проглотить гордость»
bridge the gap	/brɪdʒ ðə ɡæp/	to reduce differences between people or situations	The new policy aims to bridge the gap between rich and poor.	восполнить пробел, сократить разрыв
flat (noun – apartment)	/flæt/	a set of rooms for living in, usually on one floor (BrE)	She rents a small flat in the city centre.	квартира
flat (adj – surface)	/flæt/	level and smooth, without raised parts	The road was completely flat.	плоский
flat (adj – tyre)	/flæt/	with no air inside	We couldn’t continue driving because we had a flat tyre.	спущенный (о шине)
flat (adj – battery)	/flæt/	without power	My phone died because the battery was flat.	разряженный
flat (adj – drink)	/flæt/	without bubbles or freshness	The cola tastes flat.	выдохшийся

 

highlight	/ˈhaɪlaɪt/	to emphasize something; an important or best part of something	The trip to Rome was the highlight of our vacation.	родзинка / головна подія; підкреслювати
burp	/bɜːrp/	to release air from the stomach through the mouth	The baby started to burp after feeding.	відригувати
itinerary	/aɪˈtɪnəreri/	a detailed plan of a journey	Our travel agent sent us the full itinerary for the trip.	маршрут подорожі / план поїздки
pretend	/prɪˈtend/	to behave as if something is true when it is not	He tried to pretend that everything was fine.	прикидатися

 

dismiss	/dɪsˈmɪs/	to officially remove someone from their job	He was dismissed for repeated lateness.	звільнити (офіційно)	Formal word. Often used in official documents. Neutral tone.
fire	/faɪər/	to force someone to leave their job	The manager fired him for poor performance.	звільнити (вигнати)	Informal, direct, often emotional. Common in everyday speech.
hire	/haɪər/	to give someone a job	The company decided to hire new staff.	наймати на роботу	Opposite of fire. Employer’s action.
quit	/kwɪt/	to leave a job voluntarily	She quit her job last month.	звільнитися (за власним бажанням)	Employee’s decision. Informal/neutral. In formal writing: resign.

 

four-wheel-drive car   4WD car	/ˌfɔːr wiːl draɪv ˈkɑːr/   /ˌfɔːr ˌdʌbəl juː ˈdiː kɑːr/	a car in which power is sent to all four wheels, especially for difficult road conditions	We rented a four-wheel-drive car for our trip to the mountains.	полноприводный автомобиль
all-wheel-drive car   AWD car	/ˌɔːl wiːl draɪv ˈkɑːr/   /ˌeɪ dʌbəl juː ˈdiː kɑːr/	a car in which all four wheels receive power automatically	An all-wheel-drive car is useful in rainy and snowy weather.	полноприводный автомобиль
dig	/dɪɡ/	to break up, move, or remove earth using your hands, a tool, or a machine	They had to dig a deep hole in the garden.	копать
pop-up ad	/ˌpɒp ʌp ˈæd/	an advertisement that suddenly appears on a computer or phone screen	A pop-up ad appeared while I was reading the article.	всплывающая реклама
advert	/ˈædvɜːt/	a short form of the word “advertisement”	I saw a funny advert on TV last night.	реклама; рекламное объявление
advertisement	/ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ BrE /ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt/ AmE Canada	a notice, picture, or film telling people about a product, job, or service	The company placed an advertisement in the local newspaper.	реклама; рекламное объявление
ancient	/ˈeɪnʃənt/	very old; from a long time ago in history	They visited an ancient temple in Greece.	древний
remains	/rɪˈmeɪnz/	the parts left after something has been destroyed or after people have disappeared	Archaeologists discovered the remains of an old settlement.	останки; руины; остатки

 

dig up	/ˌdɪɡ ˈʌp/	to remove something from the ground by digging; also to find information	Workers dug up ancient bones near the river.	откопать; выкопать
unearth	/ʌnˈɜːθ/	to discover something hidden in the ground or uncover something from the past	Scientists unearthed dinosaur remains in the desert.	обнаружить в земле; откопать
excavate	/ˈekskəveɪt/	to dig in the ground carefully in order to find old objects or structures	Archaeologists began to excavate the site last summer.	проводить раскопки; раскапывать
remains	/rɪˈmeɪnz/	the parts of something that are left after it has disappeared, decayed, or been destroyed	They found the remains of a large dinosaur.	останки; остатки
fossils	/ˈfɒsəlz/	the preserved remains or traces of ancient animals or plants in rock	These fossils are millions of years old.	ископаемые остатки; окаменелости

figure out	/ˈfɪɡ.jər aʊt/	to understand or solve something	I finally figured out how to use this app.	понять; разобраться; выяснить
find out (past: found out)	/faɪnd aʊt/ (past: /faʊnd aʊt/)	to discover information or learn a fact	She found out that the meeting had been cancelled.	узнать; разузнать
might	/maɪt/	used to say that something is possible	We might go to the seaside this weekend.	может быть; возможно
convenient	/kənˈviː.ni.ənt/	suitable for your purposes and easy to use or reach	Is 7 p.m. convenient for you?	удобный
follow	/ˈfɒl.əʊ/	to go or come after someone; to understand; to obey	I’m sorry, I don’t follow what you mean.	следовать; понимать; следить

contest	/ˈkɒntest/	a competition in which people try to win by doing something better than others	She won a singing contest at school.	конкурс
competition	/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/	an event in which people try to win by being the best at something	The company organized a writing competition for students.	соревнование; конкурс
tournament	/ˈtʊənəmənt/	a series of games or matches where players compete to win	The team took part in an international chess tournament.	турнир
health care	/ˈhelθ keə/	services that provide medical treatment and care for people	Many countries invest heavily in health care.	здравоохранение; медицинская помощь
health care system	/ˈhelθ keə ˈsɪstəm/	the organization of medical services in a country	Canada has a publicly funded health care system.	система здравоохранения
as far as	/əz fɑːr æz/	used to show the limit of something or a topic you are talking about	As far as I know, the meeting starts at nine.	насколько; что касается
further	/ˈfɜːðə/	at a greater distance or to a greater degree	We need to discuss this issue further.	дальше (по времени)
clear up	/klɪə ʌp/	to disappear or improve (about symptoms, illness, problems)	The symptoms should clear up in a few days.	пройти, исчезнуть
clear up	/klɪə ʌp/	if the weather clears up, it becomes bright and sunny	The weather finally cleared up in the afternoon.	проясниться (о погоде)
clear up	/klɪə ʌp/	to solve a problem or explain something so it becomes clear	The teacher helped clear up the confusion.	прояснить; выяснить

What is wrong?	/wɒt ɪz rɒŋ/	used to ask what problem someone has or why someone is upset or ill	The doctor looked at me and asked, “What is wrong?”	Что случилось? / Что не так?
What seems to be the problem?	/wɒt siːmz tə biː ðə ˈprɒbləm/	a polite way of asking someone to explain their difficulty or illness	The receptionist asked politely, “What seems to be the problem?”	В чём, по-видимому, проблема? / Что вас беспокоит?
Nothing much	/ˈnʌθɪŋ mʌtʃ/	used to say that nothing important or serious has happened	“How are you feeling?” — “Nothing much, just a bit tired.”	Ничего особенного / Ничего серьёзного
Would like to get it checked out	/wʊd laɪk tə ɡet ɪt tʃekt aʊt/	to want a doctor or specialist to examine something to make sure it is OK	I would like to get it checked out just to be safe.	Хотел(а) бы это проверить / показать врачу
Entitle	/ɪnˈtaɪtəl/	to give someone the official right to have or do something	This card entitles you to free medical care.	давать право на что-то; наделять правом